Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIVs) Prevention and Treatment. Parainfluenza virus (PIV) may cause life-threatening pneumonia in lung transplant patients and there are no proven effective therapies.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Type 4 has antigenic cross-reactivity with the mumps virus and is an uncommon cause of respiratory disease that requires medical attention. They share antigenic cross-reactivity but tend to cause diseases of different severity. Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIVs) Transmission. The parainfluenza viruses are paramyxoviruses and classified as types 1, 2, 3, and 4.It has applications in respiratory disease research. Parainfluenza 3 was isolated in 2011 from a clinical sample from a patient positive for PIV 3 in Virginia. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Parainfluenza 3 strain ATCC-2011-5 is propagated in LLC-MK2 Derivative cells ( ATCC CCL-7.1 ). Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIVs) Symptoms and Illnesses.Most adults have antibodies against parainfluenza but can get repeat infections. Most HPIV infections resolve on their own and do not require special treatment, though medical intervention may be necessary for severe breathing problems. There is currently no vaccine to protect against parainfluenza virus infections. HPIVs are usually spread from an infected person to others through coughing, sneezing, and/or touching.
Infants and young children are particularly susceptible to HPIV-3 infections, though older adults and those with a weakened immune system are also at risk for complications. HPIV-3 can also cause bronchiolitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Symptoms may include fever, runny nose, and cough. HPIV-4 is recognized less often but may cause mild to severe respiratory illnesses. HPIV-3 is more often associated with bronchiolitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia.
Both can also cause upper and lower respiratory illness, and cold-like symptoms. Symptoms usually develop between 2 and 7 days from the time of exposure and typically resolve in 7-10 days. HPIV-1 and HPIV-2 both cause croup, with HPIV-1 most often identified as the cause in children. Parainfluenza virus type 3 is one of a group of common viruses known as human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) that cause a variety of respiratory illnesses.
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